Automatically operated objectlocating system



Dec 25, E945 A. KORN ET AL 239L633 AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED OBJECT-LOCATING SYSTEM Filed May 25, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 H (i. 3. @1 2 JOSEPH w. HESS.

Um. 25, 1945.. A. KORN ETAL 293915533 AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED OBJECT-LOCATING SYSTEM Filed May 25, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS. ARTHUR KORE/V- 1055/ MH 55. 5 56. 4. s/wv Rusk/N.

ea. 25, R945. A. KORN ET AL 2,391,633

AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED OBJECT-LOCATING SYSTEM Filed May 25, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR5. AR R KORN. JOSEPH 14 H555. .flMo/v RUSK/N.

- e5. 25, 1945. A. KORN ET AL AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED OBJEGT-LOCATING SYSTEM Filed May 25, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 JOSEPH 14 HESS. SIMON RU5K/N.

ec; 25, 1945. KORN ETAL AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED OBJECT-LOCATING SYSTEM 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 25, 1943 flKTHUR KORN.

JOSEPH M HESS. 5/M0 KUSK/N.

Patented Dec. 25 1945 AUTOMATICALLY OPERATED OBJECT- LOCATING SYSTEM Arthur Korn, Hoboken, N. J., and Joseph W. Hess and Simon L. Ruskin, New York, N. Y.

Application May 25, 1943, Serial No. 488,394

Claims.

The invention relates to devices utilizing sound waves such as supersonic waves or electric waves for determining the relative position of a reflecting surface in the water, in the air or under the earth, with respect to sources of such waves.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide improvements in devices of the type indicated, whereby the change of the relative position is recorded When either the reflective surface is in motion or the sources-of such waves or both.

A further object of the invention is to produce such a record, e. g., for a submarine in full automatic manner with visible marks on a surface provided with a coordinate system determining latitude and longitude of the submarine.

A further object of the invention is to combine the aforesaid automatic recording of the course of a submarine with interpolation of a plurality of measurements by means of sound waves of different frequencies.

The invention is adapted for use in a variety of applications such as the acoustical location and the recording of changes of positions of submarines, the location and recording of changes of positions of targets in air such as airplanes, and the location of certain materials such as oil, coal or ores under the surface of the earth. The invention is of particular advantage for the location and the recording of changes of position of submarines and will therefore be described in detail in said connection. The invention as to its method and operation together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings Fig. 1 is a top view on the sea with two floating observer vessels having mounted thereon the equipment provided in accordance with the invention and a. submarine, which has to be located.

Fig. 2 shows in a vertical section through the sea the respective positions of the ships illustrated in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows the record of the course of the submarine as it can be obtained by the device according to the invention assuming that the two observer ships are at rest and the submarine is moving.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of one example of a device in accordance with the invention by which the record of the course of the submarine is obtained by means of a two component telautograph of known structure.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of an auxiliary mechanism of the device by which the two components of the telautograph are regulated.

Fig. 6 is a side view of the auxiliary mechanism illustrated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the general arrangement of the equipment in accordance with the invention as mounted on the first observer vessel.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the general arrangement of the equipment in accordance with the invention as mounted on the second observer vessel.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another auxiliary mechanism producing visible marks of the positions of the submarine in predetermined definite intervals of time.

Referring to the drawings in Fig. 1 V1 denotes the first vessel, floating on the surface or under water, provided with an equipment according to the invention. This equipment schematically illustrated in Fig, 7 and Fig. 4 comprises the following main groups of apparatuses:

A group of supersonic sound transmitters tsi; m A group of supersonic sound receivers (Fig. '7)

T81; 7'82- (Fig.7) Wireless transmitters t1; t2 (Fig. 7) Wireless receivers r1; r2 (Fig. 7

and a two component telautograph system T (Fi 4).

V denotes the second vessel, floating on the surface or under water, provided with an equipment according to the invention. This equip- ,ment schematically illustrated in Fig. 8 comprises Su denotes in Fig. 1 a submarine and 5n the same submarine in another position.

In the example illustrated by the drawings V1 and V2 are considered at rest, whilst the sub marine Su is supposed moving, including changes of depth of submersion as illustrated in Fig. 2 by two different positions of the submarine.

The aforesaid equipments on the two vessels V1 and V2 are working in such a way, that with the help of the measurement of the distances di and dz (Fig. 3) of the submarine Su from the two vessels V1 and V: by supersonic waves and the application of these measurements on the two components of the telautograph T (Fig. 4) the curve C (Fig. 3) of the course or the submarine is recorded on a surface 8 (Figs. 3, 4, 9) provided with a system of rectangular coordinates determining latitude and longitude of the submarine.

The devices for the observation of eventual sudden changes of depth of the submarine will be described later.

The equipment of the measurement of the distances d1 and d2 and the application of these measurements on the two components of the telautograph system T is shown in greater detail in Fig. 4. The stylus of the telautograph is denoted with number I, operated in a known manner by the two systems of levers 2, 3 and 2', 3' driven by the motor-like apparatuses 4 and 4'. The stylus is recording on the surface S mentioned above. These motor-like apparatuses are operated according to the invention by electric currents through thewires I50 and I50 regulated in their intensities by variable resistances W1 and W2, respectively W1 and W2.

According to the invention regulation of said resistances is performed automatically in relation to the measurement of the distance d1 and d2 (Fig. 3). These distances are proportional to the time taken by the sound waves to go from their sources to the submarine Su and back.

The said regulation can be performed by different devices of which one as example is illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6. In Fig. 6 W1 denotes the same resistance W; as illustrated in Fig. 4 and Ill the same sliding contact as shown in Fig. 4. As shown inFig. 6 the sliding contact I is arranged on .a rack II. which is operated by the pinion I2. The rack H is guided by suitable means, not illustrated in the drawings, in the direction l3. On its end a spring I4 is acting. The pinion i2 is fixed on an axis l5, which is provided with a cam disk l6. This cam disk Hi can be locked and released by means of a lever l1 swinging around the axis 20, The other arm of the lever is operated by an electromagnetic relay 2| against the action of the spring 22. The axis i is provided with a friction clutch 25, 2B which. in a known manner, may be driven by a motor 27 as long as it is not stopped by an obstacle. On the rear end oi. the rack ii is arranged a locking lever 30 having its swinging axis at St and being operated on the other end by the two electromagnetic relays 33 and 34. By means of electric circuits to .be described later on, the sliding contact ill begins to move when the sound-wave measuring the distance d1 is emitted. At this moment the electromagnetic relay 2i releases the cam it. The sliding contact l0 ceases to move when the sound-wave measuring the distance d1 is received. At this moment the electromagnetic relay 34 stops the motion by means of the locking lever 3!).

As the sound waves need a certain time to travel from their source and back to the receiver it has been found according to the invention advantageous to make use of the time intervals between transmission and reception of one wave by interpolation of further measurements by means of sound waves of difierent frequencies, which do not interfere with each other. In Fig. 4 this method is illustrated by the application of a second resistance W2, which is regulated by means of the sliding contact in similar way as the resistance W1 by means of the sliding contact Il In order to make use of the variations of theresistances W1 and W2 for the regulations of one component of the telautograph T by means of the motor-like apparatus 4 the resistances are put in circuit with the help of the switches and 50. The switch 45 is operated by two relays 48 and 51. The switch 50 is operated by the relays SI. 52.

The current for the relays 4'! and 52 are conducted from the wire 54 over the said relays to the wire 56. The currents for the relays 48 and 5| are conducted from the wire 51 over the said relays to the wire 55. The connection of the wires 54, 55, 56 and 51 with their respective batteries will be described in connection with the specification of Fig. 7.

For the second component of the telautograph by means of the motor-like apparatus 4' analogous devices are provided as explained before for the component by means of the motor-like apparatus 4. The elements of these devices are denoted with the same numerals with additional primes. Thus W1 corresponding to W1 is a resistance, III a gliding contact, etc., etc.

The sliding contacts |0, ID are connected by the wires 60, to one end of the battery 65, the other end of which is connected to earth. The resistances W2 and W2 are connected by wires BI and 6| to one end of the battery 68, the other of which is connected with earth.

As explained above a plurality of resistances of the kind of W1 is made use of and each of these resistances is provided with an auxiliary mech-,

anism of the type illustrated in detail in Fig. 6.

To simplify-the description of the general arrangement of the whole device the auxiliary mechanisms and the elements of said device are graphically united in a symbolic way and denoted also with symbolic numerals.

The starting relay 2| with all of its elements (Fig. 6) is in Fig. 7 illustrated only by a single graphic symbol denoted with the symbolic numeral sti. The starting relay corresponding to W1 is denoted in Fig. '7 by stz. The starting relay corresponding to W1 is denoted by st1'. The starting relay corresponding to W2 is denoted by st2'. In a similar way the lifting relay 33 (Fig. 6) is denoted in Fig. 7 by Z51; therefore the lifting relay corresponding to W2 is denoted H2. The lifting relay corresponding to W1 is denoted by In. The lifting relay corresponding to W2 is denoted by H2. The blocking relay 34 (Fig. 6) is denoted in Fig. 7 by M1; therefore the blocking relay corresponding to W2 is denoted'by 2112. The blocking relay corresponding to W1 is denoted by M1. The blocking relay corresponding to W11 is denoted by 1212'.

The connecting relay 41 (Figs. 4 and 5) is denoted in Fig. '7 by 01. The connecting relay 5| (Fig. 4) is denoted in Fig. 1 by 02. The connecting relay 5| (Fig. 4) is denoted in Fig. 7 by 01'. The connecting relay ll f in Fig. 4 is denoted in Fig. 'lbycz'.

The disconnecting relay 45 (Fig. 4) is denoted in Fig. 7 by d1. The disconnecting relay 52 (Fig. 4) is denoted in Fig. 7 by 112. The disconnecting relay 46' (Fig. 4) is denoted in Fig, 7 by d1. The disconnecting relay 52' (Fig. 4) is denoted in Fig. 7 by d2.

In Fig. 7 which illustrates schematically the general arrangement of the detail mechanism of the whole device on the vessel V1 a transmitter ts1 for supersonic waves for a definite frequency is arranged; ts2 denotes a second transmitter for supersonic waves for different frequency of such a kind that the two frequencies cannot interfere. 1'81 is a receiver for supersonic waves for the reception of the first frequency. T82 is a receiver 2,se1,ese

for supersonic waves for the reception of the second frequency. t1 and t: are two wireless transmitters; T1 and r: are two wireless receivers.

I denotes a disk rotated by a motor or clockwork of known construction, not illustrated in the drawings. The disk I0 makes in a desired time interval one revolution. The circumference of this disk is provided with a conducting segment II connected by the wires 72, I3 to one end of the battery I0, the other end of which is connected to earth. The remaining part 80 of the circumference is insulated. BI and 82 are two slidin contacts, making each once in a revolution contact with the segment II. Each time when the segment II makes contact with the sliding contact iii a current is sent through the wire 90. This current operates the two starting relays strand sti' and causes the wireless transmitter in to send a wireless signal to the equipment of the second vessel (Fig, 8), where it is received by the wireless receiver R1 (Fig. 8). The circuit 90 (Fig. '7) is continued from the wireless transmitter n to the' transmitter-of supersonic waves tsi (Fig. '7) to earth. By passing the sound transmitter the current causes the emission of a supersonic wave of a definite frequency f1.

Each time when the segment II (Fig. '7) makes contact with the sliding contact 82 a current is sent through the wire I00. This current operates the two starting relays Sta and .9252 and causes the wireless transmitter t2 to send a wireless signal to the equipment of the second vessel V2 where it is received by the wireless receiver R: (Fig. 8). The signals given between t1 and E1 on the one I side and the signal between t: and R2 must be of a different kind so that they do not interfere with one another, e. g.. signals of different frequency. The afdresaid different signals could also be sent and received respectively by One and the same sender and by one and the same receiver.

The circuit I00 is continued from the wireless ,transmitter t: to the transmitter of supersonic waves is: (Fig. 7) to earth. B passing the sound transmitter the current causes the emission of the supersonic waves of a frequency is different from ii.

In the moment when a wireless signal is received on the second vessel Vz by the wireless re.- ceiver R1 (Fig. 8) the transmitter TS1 for supersonic waves emits supersonic waves on the frequency h. In the moment when a wireless signal is received on the second vessel V2 by the wireless receiver Hz (Fig. 8) the transmitter TS: for supersonic waves emits supersonic waves of the frequency f2, different from ii.

The reception of the supersonic waves of the frequency 11 reflected from the submarine by the sound receiver mm (Fig. '7) serves for closing the interrupter H2 and thereby the circuit H0. The circuit IIO comes from one end of the battery I I I, the other end of which is connected to earth. The circuit IIO passes through the disconnecting relay d2 the connecting relay C1 the lifting relay H2 and the blocking relay bli to earth.

The reception of the supersonic waves of the frequency is reflected from the submarine by the sound receiver rs: (Fig. '7) serves for closing the interrupter H3 and thereby the circuit I20. This circuit I20 comes from the battery II I mentioned before. The circuit I20 passes through the disconnecting relay d1, the connecting relay 02, the lifting relay 12': and the blocking relay bl: to earth.

The reception of the supersonic waves of the frequency 11' (Fig. 8) reflected from the submarine by the sound receiver RS1 causes the emisception ofthe wireless signal serves forclosing sion of a wireless signal sent from the wireless transmitter T1 and received on the first vessel V1 by the wireless receiver n (Fig. 7). The reception of this wireless signal serves for closing the interrupter I and thereby the circuit I3 I. This circuit I comes from one end of the battery I32 the other end of which is connected to earth. The circuit I 3| passes through the disconnecting relay (12', the connecting relay oi, the lifting relay lie and the blocking relay M1 to earth.

The reception of the, supersonic waves of the frequency In (Fig. 8) reflected from the submarine by the sound receiver RS2 causes the emission of a wireless signal sent from the wireless transmitter T2 and received on the first vessel V1 by the wireless receiver 12 (Fig. '7). The rethe interrupter I40 and thereby the circuit MI. This circuit I II comes from the battery I32 mentioned above. The circuit MI passes through the disconnecting relay d1, the connecting relay c2.

- the lifting relay hi and the blockin relay bit toearth.

By the devices described before the two components of-the telautograph T (Fig. 4) correspending to the distances of.the submarine Su from the two vessels V1, V2, are automatically regulated.

According to the invention an additional device is provided to measure certain changes in the reception of the supersonic waves, indicating variations of depth of the submarine and of changes in the direction of the course of the submarine. For this purpose the equipment on the vessel V1 includes two galvanometers g1, 92 (Fig. '7) arranged in such a way that by these galvanometers the intensity of the received waves of the frequencies f1 and is (Fig. '7) can be measured. For the same purpose also on the second vessel V2 (Fig. 8) two galvanometers g1, ye are arranged in such a way that by these galvanometers the intensity of the received waves of the frequencies f1 and f2 (Fig. 8) can be measured.

If, e. g., the submarine Su (Fig. 2) dives into a lower position $11. the intensity of the received waves suddenly decreases, and this decrease will be automatically registered by said galvanometers.

In order to make such sudden changes obvious, without observing the galvanometers themselves, signal devices of known construction, such as optical or acoustical signals, e. g., bells can be used.

According to a further object of the invention the currentsleading through the wires I50 and I50 (Fig. 4) to the motor-like apparatuses 4 and 4' may be used for the automatic direction of the torpedoes to be fired against-the submarine from one or the other of the two vessels V1 and V2. For this purpose the circuits I50 respectively I50 are provided with the resistances I5I respectively I5I parallel to which are disposed the amplifiers I53 respectively I53. By means of these amplifiers I53 and I53 amplified currents are obtained and these currents are conducted through the wires I55 respectively I55 to electric motors, serving in a known manner for the direction of the torpedoes.

By the stylus I (Fig. 4) of the telautograph T a record is made in a known manner on the surface S. In order to evaluate the positions of the submarine Su in definite time intervals, according to the invention a special device is provided (Fig. 9). This special device comprises a surface S and a stylus of special construction for the pur- The surface 5 comprises a metallic plate I60 covered by a paper lGi impregnated with a chemical solution on which the metallic stylus I produces by electrolytic actio'nvisible marks, when a current passes fromthe stylus I through the paper m, the metallic plate I68 and the wire I62 to one end of the battery I65. The other end of the battery leads to the interrupter I10. This interrupter comprises a rotating disk I'H carrying a definite number of conducting segments H2. The disk Ill is rotated in known manner by a clockwork or electric motor, not illustrated in the drawings.

- Each of the conducting segments I12 makescontact in definite time intervals with the sliding contact H5 and closes the circuit of the battery I65 passing through the wire H6. the sliding contacts H5 and "HS, the wire ill, the resistance I18 and the wire H9 to the stylus I. The start of the rotation of the interrupting disk I'll is caused by a releasing relay I80, consisting of a locking lever lBi, swinging around the axis I82 and acting on the cam its of the disk Ill. The locking lever is drawn back from the cam by means of an electromagnet ita'a, activated by a current of the battery I86 when the interrupter I81 is closed.

Above the surface S (Fig. 9) a projector I90 is arranged by which the record made by the stylus l on the surface S is projected on a screen l9l. The projector comprises a number of illuminating lamps I92, the enlarging lenses I93 and the mirror let. The system of coordinates as shown in Fig. 4 (e. g., longitude and latitude) can be arranged on the paper layer l6! (Fig. 9).

In the example of the device described before it was assumed that the two vessels V1 and V2 are at rest. In the case when the vessels V1 and V2 are in parallel motion, means must be provided to move the surface S showing the record in the opposite direction of the movement of the two vessels V1 and V2.

The whole device with the equipment on both vessels V1, V2 operates as follows:

When the contact H of the rotating disk (Fig. 7) passes the sliding contact 8! the starting relays sti and sti are activated. A wireless signal is caused to be sent from the wireless transmitter ii to the receiver B1 on the second vessel V2 where a soundwave (frequency I1) is emitted by the sound transmitter TSi. From the wireless transmitter t1 the current passes through the wire 90 to the sound transmitter tsi emitting a soundwave (frequency ii) on the first vessel V1 (Fig. '7).

Such starting signals are given successively in definite time intervals in arbitrary numbers. In the example illustrated in Fig. '7 only two devices for the delivery of such successive starting signals areprovided.

If the contact H passes over the sliding contact 82 the two starting relays stz and site are activated (second starting signal) A wireless signal is caused to be sent from the wireless transmitter t2 to the receiver R2 on the second vessel V2 where a soundwave (frequency is) is emitted by the sound transmitter 'I'Sz. From the wireless transmitter tz the current passes through the wire "it to the sound transmitter is: emitting a soundwave (frequency f2) on the first vessel V1 (Fi '7) The soundwave of the frequency i1 is reflected from the submarine SU and the reflected wave is received on the first ship V1 by the sound receiver rsi.

In the moment of the reception of the soundpose to make marks on the surface S in predetermined definite intervals of time.

wave in the receiver 1'81 the interrupter H2 is closed and the current passes through the wire N0, the blocking relay bli (numeral 34 in Fig. 6) the lifting relay Zia, the connecting relay c1 (numeral 41 in Fig. 6) and the disconnecting relay dc, to one end of the battery I l I.

In this manner the motion of the rack (Fig. 6) is blocked and the resistance W1 (Fig. 4) gets automatically the value proportional to the distance of the submarine from the vessel V1. The current regulated by the resistance is connected with the motor-like apparatus 4 operating one of the two components of the telautograph T.

In an analogous way by the reception of the soundwave of the frequency {1' and a wireless signal from the wireless transmitter T1 (F 8) received by the wireless receiver Ti (Fig. 7) the interrupter I30 is closed. Then a current passes throughthe wire ill! the blocking relay 1711', the lifting relay hr, the connecting relay c1 and the disconnecting relay dc to one end of the battery In this manner the resistance W1 is automaticall regulated proportional to the distance of the submarine SU from the vessel V2. The current regulated by the resistance is connected with the motor-like apparatus i operating the second of the two components of the telautograph; T.

The devices for the emission and reception of the successive soundwaves with different frequencies operate in an analogous way, so that the regulation of the components of the telautograph occurs as frequently as it seems convenient. Thus the device illustrated in the drawings is only an example in which two successive emissions and reception devices are used.

The means for regulating the resistances W1, W2, etc., may be varied without changing the spirit of the invention. Any device for regulating said resistances may be used operating in accordance with the time the waves require in order to go from the observing vessel to the submarine and back. Also a telautograph of another system than illustrated in the drawing and another system of coordinates can be used.

Instead of the sound waves also electrical waves can be used, especially if the device is used for determining the course of airplanes.

The device described before may also be used for determining the relative position of a reflecting surface under the earth. In such cases in subterranean galleries, tunnels, etc., existing or to be constructed, a plurality of moving vehicles are to be provided, carrying sound transmitters, of known construction. The reception of waves reflected from the deposits of ores, coal, etc, is recorded in a similar way y telautograph as described above.

We claim:

1. An automatically operated object-locating system by means of supersonic waves, which includes transmitters for sending supersonic waves located at two spaced points for the observation of the wave reflecting object to be located, two spaced means at said points for receiving echo waves from the object, electric circuits controlled by said receiving means, variable resistances controlled by said electric circuits to alter said resistances proportionally to the time taken by the waves to go from the transmitters to the wave reflecting object and back, a telautograph with a stylus and electric apparatus governing said stylus, electric circuits controlled by said resistances to operate the elements of the telautograph separately and in accordance with the respective accuses distances from the two spaced observation points to the wave reflecting object, and a plate carrying a surface on which the course of the moving object is recorded by said telautograph.

2. An automatically operated object-locating system by means of supersonic waves, which includes transmitters for sending supersonic waves located at two vessels for determining the position of a submarine, two spaced means on said vessels for receiving echo waves from the submarine, electric circuits controlled by said receiving means, variable resistances controlled by said electric circuits to alter said resistances proportionallv to the time taken by the waves to go from the transmitters to the wave reflecting object and back, a telautograph with a stylus and electric apparatus governing said stylus, electric circuits controlled by said resistances to operate elements of the telautograph separately and in accordance with the respective distances from the two spaced observation points to the wave reflecting object, a recording surface on which the stylus of said telautograph moves and makes visible marks, and a coordinate system on said recording surface on which said marks of the stylus are reproduced according to the position of the submarine to be located.

3. An automatic operated object-locating sys tem by means of supersonic waves, which includes a plurality of sound wave transmitters at spaced observation points working with diflerent frequency waves to distinguish them, means at said points for separately receiving said sound waves of dlfl'erent frequencies in successive manner in selected time intervals, electric circuits controlled by said receiving means, variable resistances controlled by electric circuits to alter said resistances proportionally to the time taken by the waves to go from the transmitters to the object and back, a telautograph with a stylus and electric apparatus operating said stylus, electric circuits controlled by said resistances to operate the elements of the telautograph separately and in accordance with the respective distances from the observation points to the object, and a plate carrying a surface on which the course of the moving object is recorded by said telautograph.

4. An automatic operated object-locating system by means of supersonic waves, which includes transmitters for sending supersonic waves located at spaced points for the observation of the object to be located, spaced means at said points for receiving echo waves from the object, electric circuits controlled by said receiving means, variable resistances controlled by said electric circuits to alter said resistances proportionally to the time taken by the waves to go from the transmitters to the wave reflecting object and back, a telautograph with a stylus and electric apparatus gov-. erning said stylus, electric circuits controlled by said resistances to operate the elements of the telautograph separately and in accordance with the respective distances from the Spaced observation points to the object, a plate carrying a surface on which the course of the moving object is recorded by the telautograph, a projection screen and a projector with enlarging lenses projecting the record made by said telautograph stylus on said screen in an enlarged scale.

5. An automatic operated object-locating system by means of supersonic waves, which includes a plurality of supersonic wave transmitters at spaced observation points working with difierent frequencies to distinguish them and located on a plurality of vessels for determining the position of a submarine, means on said observing vessels for receiving echo waves of said diflerent frequencies from the submarine in successive manner in selected time intervals, electric circuits controlled by said receiving means, variable resistances in said electric circuits to alter said resistances proportionally to the time taken by the waves to go from the transmitters to the object and back, a telautograph with a stylus and electric apparatus governing said stylus, electric circuits controlled by said resistances to operate the elements of the telautograph separately and in accordance with the respective distances from the observation points to the object, wireless transmitters and wireless receivers on said observer vessels for actuating from one vessel to another the said sound wave transmitters and receivers,

and a recording device comprising a plate carrying a surface with a coordinate system for recording the movement of the stylus of the telautograph in accordance with the course of the located submarine.

ARTHUR KORN. JOSEPH W. HESS. SIMON L. RUSKIN. 

